10–20% of the AP exam. Key topics: Magnetic force on a moving charge: F = qv × B (direction via right-hand rule), Charged particle motion in a uniform magnetic field: circular and helical trajectories, Magnetic force on a current-carrying wire: F = IL × B, Torque on a magnetic dipole in a field: τ = m × B; magnetic dipole moment, Biot-Savart Law: dB = (μ₀/4π)(I dL × r̂ / r²) — integration for straight wire segment, circular loop, infinite wire, solenoid, Ampère's Law: ∮B · dL = μ₀I_enc — application for infinite wire, toroid, solenoid (selection and evaluation of Amperian loops), Hall effect: Hall voltage and carrier sign determination, Magnetic materials (qualitative: ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, diamagnetic).
Study guide content for this unit is being prepared. Check back soon for complete lesson notes, formula sheets, and worked examples.
